Aug 19, 2006

La ex Unión Soviética


Muy interesante artículo al cumplirse 15 años de la caída de la Unión Soviética, la que iba a ser el futuro de la humanidad, el modelo de igualdad y felicidad colectiva.

Me imagino que todos tenemos anécdotas similares. En los afiebrados 80 de la vuelta a la democracia en la Argentina tenía conocidos que me hablaban de las maravillas del imperio soviético, ciudades cubiertas por una cúpula de cristal para protegerlas del clima en Siberia, de los obreros soviéticos que iban a funciones de ballet en el Bolshoi después de un día de trabajo en las fábricas.

Los burócratas soviéticos llegaron a fijar arbitrariamente decenas de millones de precios por año, el equivalente a varios por segundo. Como no tenían la más pálida idea de los valores relativos de los bienes y servicios que producían, estaban suscritos a centenares de catálogos, como el de Sears, JC Penney’s o Montgomery Ward.

Ese era el modelo que había que adoptar para la Argentina y el resto del mundo. Creo que nunca me voy a olvidar de esos días en 1989, como me entusiasmé pensando que sería el fin del delirio colectivista. Pero no, como buena plaga, se recicla constantemente adoptando nuevas etiquetas (visto en Ace of Spades):

The Soviet Union collapsed under it's own weight, helped along with a shove from one of our nation's greatest Presidents, Ronald Wilson Reagan.

To many, including me, the collapse of the Soviet Union proved the fatal flaws of Communism. The Soviet directed economy was unable to react to local economic crisis and unable to find efficient ways of distributing resources. The simple fact that after decades of Soviet rule, the Communist Party was unable to find a way to feed its people, provide goods and services and deliver the promise of a better life than that which existed in the West, condemned it to failure.

Gorbachev's policies of glasnost (political openness) and perestroika (economic restructuring), which included an easing of government censorship, exposed the average Soviet citizen to the fact they were far behind the West despite years of government propaganda. Regional economic autonomy led to a rise in regional nationalism and a diminished allegiance to the central government and the Communist party in general. The unintended results of glasnost and perestroika led to uskoreniye (speed-up of economic development) which was unable to counter the economic costs of inflation despite the government's attempts to hide it from the masses. Citizens began to realize that taking control of their own economic destiny (as exemplified by the rapidly expanding black market) led to greater prosperity for the individual, but still didn't match the prosperity of the West.

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